Biometrics : The ID of body
Each person is unique and therefore identifiable. The retina, voice, sweat, hands, identify us. Biometrics today means a great business. These technologies have received a boost from the attacks of September 11. Following this event, increasingly, every country, every international body and every major company, do not skimp on spending on new techniques for recognition.
biometrics
Biometric techniques can be divided into three categories: those obtained with morphological analysis, that is, analyzing fingerprints, hand shape, iris, vein network of the retina or the geometry of the ear, the investigating the biological traces left in sweat, saliva, urine, breath, blood or DNA And those based on behavioral analysis, the study of keyboard biometrics computer, voice recognition, the cadence of the step or the dynamics of the firm. The latter is also called dynamic biometrics and the other two are in the static biometrics.
Voice Identification:
It is the only biometric technology that today allows, at least in theory, recognize an individual from a distance. The person is identified with a predetermined phrase (Password) Or not and the voice recognition system checks the following parameters: frequency, intensity, tone, speed, pace and accent.
* Reliability: Very limited. It is relatively easy to record and play back the voice that is intended to imitate.
* Advantages: It is largely accepted by users, who consider it less invasive biometric technology. It is cheap.
Iris authentication:
It is a unique and extremely complex. It Photography the eye with a camera equipped with a computer program capable of accessing the internal boundaries of the iris. The reflections are then separated and discarded, and capture the specific character. You can register up to 226 way points.
* Reliability: High. Iris scanning has become one of the most innovative and secure authentication. Thanks to the identification algorithms, an Afghan girl was 12 years old cover of National Geographic in 1984 could be discovered in 2002 by the same photographer who photographed nearly two decades.
* Advantages: the rate of error technologies available in the market is close to zero. The systems are able to correct given that the iris changes with light intensity.
* Disadvantages: For this system to be truly effective, would require a database universal. You have to use high-end computers to authenticate people.
Facial recognition:
Consists of photographing the face to extract a set of features chosen for their constancy, as the separation of the eyes, mouth size and its corners, the nose or the layout of the front. In total, about a hundred means recognizing each person’s unique characteristics. There are also systems using neural networks able to be considered for the aging analysis, beard or makeup.
* Reliability: Low.
* Advantages: This is the only biometric that use without written permission from the city. The International Civil Aviation Organization Facial recognition has been accepted as the main technology for border control.
* Disadvantages: Most people do not favor the installation of surveillance cameras connected to image banks.
Traces unstained:
The oldest and most widespread techniques focuses on fingerprints. Today, to obtain a fingerprint scans the finger. The images were selected most significant information, such as branching, ridges, islands or lines disappear. A complete fingerprint of a finger is about a hundred minutiae.
* Reliability: very high. It is said that the possibility that two individuals have the same fingerprint is less than one in a billion.
* Advantages: with them has generated the largest bank in the world identification damages. They have a great acceptance in the security market.
* Disadvantages: the tip of a finger may be cut or burned and thus hinder detection.
The truth is that use a single authentication technique is not entirely safe. Therefore, the next step is to enhance multibiometrics systems, so that various data cross until a zero error.
